Effect of Administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) Extract on the Number of Neutrophils, Angiogenesis, and Fibroblast Density Areas in Sprague Dawley Rats Incision Wounds

Abstract

Background: Wounds are a challenging clinical problem with complications that often lead to morbidity and mortality. The herbal plant Apium graveolens (Linn.) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are thought to accelerate the wound healing process. The number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density are elements that play an important role in the wound healing process. Thus, the administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract is expected to assist in the wound healing process, which can be viewed from the number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density.
 Methods: An experimental in vivo study with a randomized post-test approach with a control group of rats that were given an incision on their back. Random allocation was performed to divide 20 Sprague Dawley rats into 4 groups. Neutrophil count, angiogenesis, and area of fibroblast density were seen histopathologically. Data were analyzed and processed using SPSS 25 software in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate ways.
 Results: The number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and area of fibroblast density in the Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract group was lower than the group given the cream without Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract (p < 0.05), and there was no difference compared to the group given gentamicin cream. 0.1% (p > 0.05). Extract Apium graveolens (Linn.) had the lowest number of neutrophil and angiogenesis compared to the other groups (p < 0.05).
 Conclusion: The administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract cream was effective in the incision wound healing process in terms of a decrease in the number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density. The administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract cream was more effective than 50% extract cream.