Effect of Active Packaging Material Fortified with Clove Essential Oil on Fungal Growth and Post-Harvest Quality Changes in Table Grape during Cold Storage.

Siriporn Luesuwan,Khursheed Ahmad Shiekh,Wirongrong Tongdeesoontorn,Matchima Naradisorn,Pornchai Rachtanapun

doi:10.3390/polym13193445

Effect of Active Packaging Material Fortified with Clove Essential Oil on Fungal Growth and Post-Harvest Quality Changes in Table Grape during Cold Storage.

Siriporn Luesuwan, Khursheed Ahmad Shiekh + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13193445

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Journal: Polymers	Publication Date: Oct 8, 2021
Citations: 18	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Mai University

Abstract

Fungal growth in table grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. beauty seedless) is triggered by Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus stolonifera during post-harvest storage. Due to the safety aspects, this research aimed to develop antifungal packaging embedded with essential oils (EOs) to alleviate the fungal decay of table grapes (TG). The various levels of EOs (0.5–5%, v/v) from clove, cinnamon, thyme, peppermint, lemon, bergamot, ginger, spearmint, and lemongrass were tested against Aspergillus sp. The results attained in radial growth, disk diffusion method, minimal inhibitory concentration, and minimal fungicidal concentration revealed that 1% clove essential oil (CEO) showed higher efficacy against Aspergillus sp. compared to the untreated control and other treatments. CEO at the 1% level exhibited a pleasant odor intensity in TG than the other EOs. The active polyvinyl alcohol (7% PVA) film with 1% CEO resulted in lower weight loss, disease severity, and TG berry drop than the control and other treated samples. Additionally, the acceptance score in the TG sample wrapped with a PVA film containing 1% CEO was augmented. Therefore, the PVA film with 1% CEO retarded the fungal growth and prolonged the shelf life of TG during storage of 21 days at 13 °C and 75% relative humidity (RH).

Highlights

Introduction‘Beauty seedless’) is an important economic crop that suffers severe quality losses due to different spoilage and pathogenic microbial species during post-harvest storage [1]
The results of radial growth attained in lemongrass, thyme, cinnamon, and clove essential oils (EOs) at different levels are lower than the control and other EOs (Table 1)
The higher efficacy of radial growth inhibition of clove essential oil (CEO) at the 5% level might be correlated with the higher amount of active chemical constituents that exhibit antifungal activity [14]

Summary

Introduction

‘Beauty seedless’) is an important economic crop that suffers severe quality losses due to different spoilage and pathogenic microbial species during post-harvest storage [1]. The deterioration of table grapes (TG) is catalyzed by the different types of microorganisms such as bacteria Acetobacter sp.), yeasts (Zygosaccharomyces sp.), and molds (Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus stolonifera) [2,3]. Pathogenic fungi in grapes such as Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp. Allow the development of aerial mycelium to spread rapidly to adjacent berries with severe economic repercussions [4]. Grapes are perishable non-climacteric fresh food commodities with several other post-harvest storage problems such as loss of firmness, berry drop, stem discoloration, and desiccation [2]. Seedless grape cultivars may be more economical to farmers, supermarkets, and export markets if wrapped with a suitable bioactive packaging material [5]

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