Abstract
Hardfacing is a surface coating method commonly used to deposit materials having high corrosion and wear resistance on a base metal. In this work, the effect of single and multicomponent fluxes on the breathing zone concentration (BZC) and Cr (VI) concentration, during a stellite hardfacing operation were studied. Flux components used were TiO2, Al2O3 and SiO2. The mixture design of the design of experiments (DoE) was used to identify the influence of each flux component on the reduction of breathing zone concentration (BZC) and Cr (VI) concentration. The findings of the study indicated that binary flux composition comprising 50% Al2O3 and 50% TiO2 offered a significant reduction in breathing zone concentration of fumes by more than 90%. This was attributed to the lower ionization potential of these flux materials and the consequent improvement in the arc stabilization reactions in the weld atmosphere SiO2 in the flux composition was found to befit the reduction of Cr (VI) concentration in fumes through the encapsulation and agglomeration of chromium fumes. The mixture design of design of experiments (DoE) was used to identify the influence of each flux component in the reduction of BZC and Cr (VI) concentration.
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