Effect of a continuous diabetes lifestyle intervention program on male workers in Korea

Abstract

Aims This study was conducted to compare the effects of two years of lifestyle intervention to no intervention or one year of intervention on diabetes risk factors in male workers with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or diabetes. Methods We conducted a randomized lifestyle intervention trial designed to alter personal lifestyles among 123 industrial male workers (CG; control group, n = 75; OIG; one-year intervention group, n = 23; TIG; two-year intervention group, n = 25). The intervention consisted of two parts, the main program (face-to-face counseling five times/12 weeks) and a follow-up program (e-mail counseling ten times/30 weeks). Assessments included biochemical characteristics, anthropometry and nutrient intake at baseline and after two years. Results After two years, systolic blood pressure, HOMA-IR, HDL cholesterol and total energy intake ( p < 0.05) were reduced in the OIG group, while weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c and nutrient intake (total energy, carbohydrate, protein and sodium) were significantly decreased ( p < 0.05, respectively) in the TIG group. When compared to the CG, subjects in OIG and TIG showed significant improvements in the level of FPG and HbA1c ( p < 0.05). Conclusions Continuous lifestyle intervention for two years is more effective at improving diabetes risk factors than OIG.