Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week concurrent training intervention on cardiometabolic health in obese men. Twelve obese men (42.5 ± 5.3 years old) participated in the current 12−week randomized controlled trial with a parallel group design. The participants were randomly assigned to a concurrent training group or to a no-exercise control group. Anthropometry and body composition assessment were determined by electrical bio-impedance. Blood samples were obtained and a cardiometabolic risk Z-Score was calculated. Energy metabolism-related parameters [i.e., resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), and substrate oxidation in both resting conditions and during exercise] were determined by indirect calorimetry. Echocardiographic studies were performed using an ultrasound system equipped with a transducer to measure cardiac function. A significant decrease of weight (Δ = −4.21 kg; i.e., primary outcome), body mass index (Δ = −1.32 kg/m2), fat mass (FM; Δ = −3.27 kg), blood pressure (BP; Δ = −10.81 mmHg), and cardiometabolic risk Z-Score (Δ = −0.39) was observed in the exercise group compared with the control group (all P < 0.05), while no significant changes were noted in waist circumference (WC), lean mass (LM), bone mineral content, glycemic and lipid profiles, liver function, nor in energy metabolism-related parameters (all P > 0.1). Moreover, a significant increment of left ventricular (LV) end diastolic diameter (Δ = −4.35 mm) was observed in the exercise group compared with the control group (P = 0.02). A 12-week concurrent training intervention is an effective strategy to induce weight and fat loss with simultaneous reductions of BP and cardiometabolic risk, and improving cardiac function in obese men.
Highlights
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the current 21st century and is associated with higher risk of premature mortality (Lavie et al, 2018b)
Participants attended to ≥ 86% (31 of 36 sessions) of their supervised exercise from baseline to week 12 and they showed a percentage of compliance of ∼90% for exercise’ intensity and 100% for exercise’ volume
A significant decrease of weight, BMI, and fat mass (FM) was observed in the concurrent training group compared with the control group, while no significant changes were noted
Summary
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the current 21st century and is associated with higher risk of premature mortality (Lavie et al, 2018b). Previous studies have reported that concurrent training is an effective antihypertensive (Corso et al, 2016) and anti-inflammatory therapy (Libardi et al, 2012), improving in turn the glycemic and lipid profiles (Braga de Mello et al, 2019) as well as hepatic function (Monteiro et al, 2015). These previous studies included individuals with different biological characteristics making it necessary for further investigations attaining patients with cardiometabolic disturbances
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