Effect Infestation by Sesamia cretica L. Insect in some Characteristics of Growth for Varieties of Yellow Corn

Abstract

This observe changed into carried out in the fields of Al-Hawija location of Kirkuk Governorate for the reason of reading the assessment of a few sorts of yellow corn for contamination through the corn stalk insect (Sesamia cretica L) and the impact of the insect infestation on a few traits and boom of yield of a few yellow corn cultivars. The maximum contamination fee of the ZOAN cultivar changed into 7.50% in comparison to the bottom contamination fee with inside the Samuray 34 cultivar of 0.50 % after a duration of 20 days of germination, however after forty days the contamination fee changed into maximum at the ZOAN cultivar 45% and for the nearby range 37.30% in comparison to the Samuray 34 cultivar 4% only, and after 60 days, the contamination fee changed into 25.75% for the ZOAN variety and for the nearby 19%, in comparison to 4.70% for the Samuray 34 variety. The number of caterpillars for each plant ranged between (0.30-2.70) for each plant for the studied cultivars. As for the average number of shoots for each plant, it ranged between (0.30-3) for each plant for the studied cultivars, as it was the lowest for the Samuray 34 cultivar and the highest for Sweetened (local) cultivar. Sweetened (local) cultivar, Wazawan, recorded the highest percentage of shoot lengths for each plant, as it was 9.30% and 7.50%, respectively, compared with the rest of the studied cultivars, as it was the lowest for the Samuray 34 cultivar, 1.33% of the plant, and for the Konstiz cultivar 3.60%, and for the Jameson cultivar 6%, while there were clear significant differences. In the percentage of shortening in the number of seeds and the values of loss in the weight of 100 grains, as well as the percentage of shortening in the crop, as the percentage of loss in the number of grains for the Samuray 34 variety was 12.33%, and the highest was for the Zawan variety by 18%, compared to the percentage of loss in Sweetened (local) variety amounted to 17.30%. The Samuray 34 cultivar recorded the lowest percentage of shortening in the weight of 100 grains, as it was 6% compared to the ZOAN cultivar, 8.60% compared to the rest of the studied cultivars, which was reflected in the percentage of loss in the total crop, as the percentages ranged between (19-24) %, as the Samuray 34 cultivar recorded the lowest percentage. It amounted to 19%, compared to 22.67% for the Zawan variety, and for Sweetened (local) 24%, compared to the rest of the maize varieties. The best cultivar was the Samuray 34 cultivar for use in breeding programs for corn stalk borer control.