Abstract
The production of alkaloids from Cereus peruvianus callus cultured in medium supplemented with different tyrosine concentrations, different 2,4-D/kinetin levels, and with NaCl was investigated using long-term callus culture. α- and β-Esterase isozyme patterns were also analyzed to investigate the differential gene expression in callus subcultured with the different tyrosine concentrations. The greatest amounts of alkaloids were obtained from callus maintained in medium containing 200 mg/L of tyrosine. Tyrosine induced a differential gene expression for the synthesis of specific α- and β -esterase isozymes. Two α-carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1.1) and one α/β-arylesterase (EC 3.1.1.2) were induced in callus, one α/β-acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.6) and two α-carboxylesterase were detected as more intensely stained while two α/β-carboxylesterases were absent or detected as more weakly stained bands after the addition of tyrosine as precursor
Highlights
Most investigations have used plant cell culture, with considerable advantage to living plants, for the production of secondary metabolites (Kutney, 1996; Sato et al, 2001)
We investigated the production of alkaloids from callus tissue cultured in medium supplemented with different tyrosine concentrations, at different 2,4-D/kinetin levels, and in medium supplemented with sodium chloride
Comparison of total alkaloids production from C. peruvianus callus tissues indicated that larger amounts of alkaloids were obtained from callus tissues maintained in medium containing 200 mg/L of tyrosine as supplement (Table 1)
Summary
Most investigations have used plant cell culture, with considerable advantage to living plants, for the production of secondary metabolites (Kutney, 1996; Sato et al, 2001). In the cactus Cereus peruvianus, comparison of total alkaloid production from plants with callus tissues indicated that larger amounts of alkaloids were obtained from long-term callus tissues.
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