Efectividad del consumo de frutas y verduras sobre los síntomas y episodios asmáticos: Una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic disease, so it is essential to adhere to good treatment and follow the recommendations appropriatel, Objective: to determine the effectiveness of recommending the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) on the reduction of asthma attacks, including Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) scores, Methods: The search was performed in the electronic databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library. Studies were included that applied at least one intervention or recommendation for FV consumption in patients with asthma, airway inflammation and other associated problems. Two independent reviewers assessed the selected studies and measured risk of bias. Relevant information was summarized and combined with random effect meta-analysis (DerSimonian-Laird). RevMan 5.4 was applied. Finally, the degree of recommendation was evaluated with GRADE-pro, Results: Three randomized clinical trials (RCTs) totaling 197 subjects were identified. A decrease in asthma symptoms was observed according to the ACQ, but not statistically significant (-0.20; 95% CI: -0.59, 0.19). Furthermore, interleukin-6 also did not present significance 0.20 (95% CI: -0.06, 0.46). The nature of the design of the meta-analyzed studies allows a high and moderate degree of recommendation to be scored, respectively. The findings in general suggest that FV intake can generate favorable changes in asthma and its prevention. However, this study failed to demonstrate this statistically, Conclusion: It is necessary that more RCTs be carried out to increase the power of the evidence and update the available information.