EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands in frontal regions and executive functions

Abstract

Executive functions are higdevel cognitive processes that make possible the formation of flexible and adaptive goal-directed behaviors and the frontal lobes regulate these functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between frontal EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands and executive functions in adults. A sample of 168 students (Mage = 25.44 years, SD = 4.52) were included in this study. EEG records were recorded at the psychology laboratory of Mohaghegh Ardabili University (Iran), then intrahemispheric and interhemispheric coherence of frontal regions were analyzed using the NeuroGuide software. The participants were asked to fill in the Adult Executive Skills Questionnaire. Correlational results showed that there is a positive relationship between executive functions and EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands in frontal regions of the left hemisphere, EEG coherence of alpha and beta bands in frontal regions of the right hemisphere and EEG coherence of alpha band between frontal regions of the two hemispheres. The results of the regression analysis also revealed that coherence of alpha, beta, and theta bands between left and right frontal regions and coherence of beta and theta bands in the left frontal regions predict executive functions. These results indicate that the common activity of frontal cortex, especially the left hemisphere, is associated with executive functions and cognitive control.