Abstract
Facility-based newborn care is a key strategy to improve neonatal health. Investment in neonatal care units is a resource-intensive exercise. Besides the one-time establishment cost, the operational costs of equipment, personnel, ancillary services, drugs, consumables, investigations, and care with or without ventilators, are huge investments. It, however, varies with the setting and type of unit (level II vs level III) and so do the benefits for neonates with different needs. In India, the establishment cost of a 12-bedded level II unit (Special Newborn Care unit SNCU) in a district hospital is around 41,00,000 INR. This does not include the cost of training. The running cost (excluding salaries of staff) comes to 10,00,000 INR (20,000 USD) per year [1]. This is much less compared to what is incurred in developed nations.
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