Abstract
Today the world’s largest cruise ships can take on board more than 6000 passengers and almost 3000 crew members. Managing a significant number of people and all equipment and operations on ships requires the delivery of tens of thousands of kilowatts, which poses a huge challenge for both cruise ship builders and ports supporting these ships as well as for ship owners themselves, as the costs involved represent the largest share in the structure of expenditure in cruise shipping companies. In recent years, various communities and institutions, including the International Maritime Organisation and the European Union, exert pressure on cruise ship owners to use green renewable energy solutions. For these reasons, cruise ship owners are constantly looking for cost-effective and environmentally responsible solutions regarding new energy sources for ships. The aim of this paper is to identify modern solutions applied on cruise ships in the field of energy generation and to indicate benefits for the environment and ship owners in this respect. The following research questions were formulated: (1) What factors force cruise ship owners to introduce modern energy policy solutions? (2) What kind of green energy solutions are currently used on cruise ships? (3) What kind of renewable energy solutions do cruise ship owners use to reduce energy consumption on board cruise ships? The research was conducted by applying a few research methods, i.e., desk research method and exploration method, critical and comparative analysis, and also inductive and deductive reasoning. The results of this research can provide an interesting source of information for cruise ship owners, cruise seaport authorities, and shipyards involved in the construction of new vessels.
Highlights
The contemporary cruise ships use the same amount of energy as small cities on land; they are often called “floating cities”
The results of this research can provide an interesting source of information for cruise ship owners, cruise seaport authorities, and shipyards involved in the construction of new vessels
The data related to the condition of natural environment, water and ocean pollution, and the amount of pollution generated into the environment by cruise ships is alarming
Summary
The contemporary cruise ships use the same amount of energy as small cities on land; they are often called “floating cities”. As much as 60% of energy is used for the propulsion and 40% for the hotel-related activities and operations aboard the ship [1]. The largest cruise ships of nearly 400 m in length and over 40 m of beam can accommodate almost 6500 passengers and nearly. Providing hotel and catering services aboard the ships for such a huge number of passengers and offering access to sport and recreation as well as cultural, entertainment, and other related facilities requires adequate amount of electric energy and effective management of processes related to energy supply and transfer. Large cruise ships generate numerous environmental pollutants from the combustion of fuel used for the ships’ propulsion and from waste generated by consumption on board ships
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