Ecotoxicity Assessment of Aldrin, an Organic Chlorine Pesticide, Using Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Danio rerio Embryos

Abstract

Aldrin is an organic chlorinated pesticide widely used as a broad pesticide in the cultivation of vegetables, fruit, and cotton. It is still harmful to aquatic organisms at very low concentrations and is still being detected due to food chain enrichment. This study was performed based on the OECD Guideline using Pseuodokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna and Danio rerio Embryos to evaluate the ecotoxicity of the residual pesticide, Aldrin. As a result, median effective concentration (EC50), no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) of P. subcapitata were 132, 0.8, 2.4 μM, respectively. Also EC50, NOEC and LOEC of D. magna were 0.13, 0.04, 0.08 μM, respectively. And median lethal concentration (LC50), NOEC and LOEC of D. rerio embryos were 750, 300, 600 μM, respectively. In D. rerio, as the concentration of Aldrin increased, the development of the embryo was delayed and the hatching rate decreased. In addition, morphological abnormalities such as pericardiac edema (PE), yolk sac edema (YSE), bent spine (BS), bent tail (BT), no heart beat (NHB), collapsed phenomenon of fertilized egg (CPFE) were observed. The predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) value 1.3 × 10-3 μM was calculated by applying the evaluation factor 100 to the EC50 value of the most sensitive species D. magna. Key words: Aldrin, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna, Danio rerio Embryos, Ecotoxicity