ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE MONGOL EMPIRE (1206-1405)

Abstract

Summary After the founding of the Great Mongol Empire, Chinggis Khaan, and his successors faced the task of pursuing sound economic policies. This is because the prospects for the existence and development of Great Mongolia would ultimately be measured by economic development. The kings of the Great Mongol Empire, led by Chinggis and Ogedei, believed that nomadic animal husbandry should be the basis of the economy of the united power, and emphasized the development of animal husbandry. Chinggis Khaan introduced the millennial system, the most appropriate form of organization in the situation, to nomadic pastoralism. The Great Kings also sought to promote trade by supporting foreign traders by exempting them from customs duties and taxes, and by protecting their interests and security. However, unfair trade, exploitation, and bribery were strictly forbidden. At the same time, one of the reasons for the victory and success of the Great Mongol Empire was the development of communications, including stations, which were rigidly organized and transmitted faster than the settled civilizations of the time. Thus, Chinggis Khaan and his successors were able to correctly define the economic policy of the Great Mongol Empire and to develop animal husbandry, trade and communication in a coordinated manner, which created the basic conditions for the long-term existence of the Great Mongol Empire.