Economic Implications of Demographic Shifts

Abstract

In this article, the author uses international statistics and statistical methods to highlight the challenges posed by the economic conse­quences of demographic shifts taking place in the world. The paper analyzes multidirectional processes in population growth in developed and developing economies, reduction of the world’s population growth rates, further aging of the population, and increase of demographic burden on the working age population. Is addressed the potential for changing the trajectory of global development in connection with the world demographic situation. The paper presents a new global typology of demographic development by the IMF and the World Bank. It examines possibilities for at­taining longevity dividends in the context of the population aging amid digital transformation under a new typology. There is an analysis of various aspects of aging, both from the standpoint of increasing pressure on the pension systems and social welfare and considering the emerging silver economy opportunities, which creates real growth prospects and new jobs. Are discussed direct and indirect effects of aging, contributing to the creation of longevity dividends. The paper clarifies the role of personal robotics and the use of digital technologies in the «scaling» of care for the elderly and the place of retirement communities in the development of software and hardware, creating economic opportunities for inventors and innovators. The author explores various aspects of retaining older workers in the labor force and their effective use. The objective of the study is to identify the most significant components of the policy of economy adaptation to demographic changes. The article systemizes the following drivers of tackling demographic imbalances: international labor migration; human development; bridging the gender gap; reducing inequality; poverty reduction; improvement of social elevators; increasing youth employment.