Economic dispatch of multi-area integrated electricity and natural gas systems considering emission and hourly spinning reserve constraints

Abstract

With the increasing growth of gas-fired units and power-to-gas facilities, the power system and natural gas system become an integrated electricity and natural gas system (IENGS), which brings new opportunities to mitigate the associated environmental issues and deal with various uncertainties from electricity load, renewable energy generation, and gas load. Different geographical locations may have many IENGSs which are connected by electric or gas transmission lines, thus formulating multi-area IENGSs. These multi-area IENGSs are not simple addition of individual IENGSs, since renewable energy may distribute unequally between different IENGSs, and excess renewable energy needs to be transmitted from one area to another, but is limited by potential tie-line congestions. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an economic dispatch model for multi-area IENGSs considering tie-line congestion, maximum allowable emission bounds and hourly spinning reserve constraints. The considered multi-area IENGS consists of multiple single-area IENGSs, among which wind energy distribution varies considerably. The maximum allowable emission bounds of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxygen are separately set based on their different influences on the environment. The hourly spinning reserves are allocated for both the power system and the natural gas system, which are provided by fossil fuel-fired units, power-to-gas facilities, gas pipelines, and natural gas storage facilities. After that, the presented model is converted into a mixed-integer linear programming problem for higher computing efficiency. Case studies for integrated systems are analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.