Economic and bioсhemical assessment of introduced varieties of apple trees in the foothill province of Dagestan

Abstract

Relevance. The increase of the influence of environmental factors sets the task for science to introduce into the culture high-quality and good-keeping apple varieties of commodity-consumer demand that meet the requirements of intensive gardening.Methods. This article presents the results of the study and evaluation of introduced apple varieties of autumn and winter ripening (Aidared, Champion Reno, Renet Simirenko, Civt1 5, Fuji Kiku) of domestic and foreign selection, cultivated in the southeastern foothill province of the Republic Dagestan.Results. As a result of the study, a comparative characteristic of varieties was given in terms of commodity-consumer qualities and the biochemical composition of fruits. Apple varieties had an attractive appearance: Civt 15 — 4.9 Fuji Kiku — 4.8 points. Of particular importance is the keeping quality of fruits, as one of the factors reflecting the possibility of storage. The longest storage period (220 days) was noted for the Civt1 5 variety. The variety of introduced apple varieties in the region makes it possible to choose the most valuable varieties in terms of biochemical composition and other indicators for their further use, both fresh and canned. Varieties with a high content of biologically active substances, vitamin C have been identified — Aidared (13.2mg/100 g), Civt1 5 (10.9), Renet Simirenko (7.8 mg/100g ). The level of sugar content ranged from 8.3% (Renet Simirenko) to 12.5% (Civt 15). A group of varieties with a set of quality indicators for introduction into production is recommended.