Ecological state of water bodies and their water protection zones within the boundaries of settlements of the Yamal Peninsula

R A Kolesnikov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202126502009

Abstract

Most of the population of the Yamal Peninsula lives in settlements located on the banks of rivers. The increasing industrial development of the Yamal Peninsula leads to the fact that in these settlements in the water area and on the shores, objects of the fuel and energy complex are being built and functioning. At the same time, the contribution to water pollution of settlements located here, as well as objects of transport and fuel and energy infrastructure, is still unclear. On the other hand, the issues of intensifying the processes of coastal destruction and the related danger to residential and economic infrastructure are increasingly being discussed. However, the degree of activation of these processes on the Yamal Peninsula is also poorly understood. During the study, the state of water bodies and water protection zones was monitored for the period from 2016 to 2020. It was found that at present no significant anthropogenic pollution of water and bottom sediments is recorded. The content of pollutants and heavy metals is mainly determined by natural conditions. At the same time, the water protection zones are littered with scrap metal and household waste. Activation of channel processes and processes of abrasion and thermal abrasion of the banks is observed. The intensity of coastal destruction processes in the erosion zone varies from 0.25 to 0.85 m/year.

Highlights

The Yamal Peninsula, located in the north of Western Siberia, is a unique territory where active industrial development is combined with traditional activities of the indigenous population of the North
In addition to the anthropogenic impact, under the conditions of the changing climate and the specific geological structure of the peninsula, channel processes have intensified, which lead to the destruction of the banks and pose a threat to residential and industrial facilities located on them
The chemical composition of watercourses is typical for the unpolluted surface waters of Western Siberia and is determined by the specific nature and climatic conditions

Summary

Introduction

The Yamal Peninsula, located in the north of Western Siberia, is a unique territory where active industrial development (extraction of hydrocarbons, construction of point, linear and areal facilities) is combined with traditional activities of the indigenous population of the North (reindeer husbandry, fishing, hunting). The settlements located on the banks of the rivers of the Yamal Peninsula and the Ob Guba do not have treatment facilities; untreated wastewater flows into water bodies [3, 4]. In addition to the anthropogenic impact, under the conditions of the changing climate and the specific geological structure of the peninsula (it is composed of permafrost rocks of light granulometric composition), channel processes have intensified, which lead to the destruction of the banks and pose a threat to residential and industrial facilities located on them. All of the above determines the relevance of water monitoring and study of the ecological state of water bodies and their water protection zones This is what became the main goal of the study

Object and research methods

Results

Conclusion