BLUE LINES AS TOWN-BUILDING LIMITATIONS OF COASTAL WATER AREA

Abstract

The characteristics and problems of coastal water areas and coastal territories are considered. The use of coastal areas for economic, residential, and industrial buildings led to their degradation and gave rise to a number of legal, ecological, technical, and urban planning problems. Coastal water areas and territories are important natural and urban planning complexes in the planning structure of the city, because they enrich the urban fabric with public and recreational space, coastal flora and fauna, a picturesque landscape, and improve the microclimate of the urban environment. Professional organization, beautification, preservation and protection of coastal water areas and their coastal territories is one of the dominant urban planning tasks due to the fact that coastal territories are extremely vulnerable, the most exploited and investment-attractive zones. Preservation of the natural balance between the water area and the coastal area in the conditions of an urbanized environment is an urgent task of city planners. The advantages of the organization of the coastal man-made system have been proven. The urban planning organization of the coastal territory of the river is a set of measures for engineering preparation and improvement of the territory, which include the definition and measurements of the site, the identification of its natural features, the determination of the borders of the coastal territory, zoning with the definition of restrictions (water protection zone, coastal protective strip, green lines), project development, technical support of architectural and landscape improvement under the condition of maintaining and preserving the natural balance of the river ecosystem. The importance of establishing the Blue Lines of urban planning restrictions of coastal water areas is substantiated. Green and Blue lines should become tools for limiting the urbanized load on the natural component of cities and settlements, protecting and safeguarding the purity of the water body, the balance of the ecotone component, the river biocenosis, and the paradynamic connections of the river ecosystem during its urban development. The blue lines of urban planning restrictions – the boundaries of the water area cut – will contribute to the preservation of the maximum allowable sizes of coastal water areas, a tool for preserving the natural component in the urbanized environment, which will help solve the problem of balanced, rational and harmonious use of coastal water areas and territories. In addition to the obvious advantages of improving the microclimate of the urban environment, the appearance of recreational and pedestrian zones, the organization of public space (city friendly for people), the return of historical and cultural significance, professional urban planning organization and the revitalization of river ecosystems will have long-term economic profit – the coastal areas of revived water areas will become promising objects for investments.