Abstract
Expression of quantitative traits characterizing the N2-fixing symbiosis of nodule bacteria and leguminous plants is associated with operation of the evolutionary derived polygenic systems controlling the symbiotic efficiency (SE) (impact of inoculation on the plant productivity) and nodulation competitiveness (NC) (formation of nodules by rhizobia under mixed inoculation). Optimization of balance between positive and negative symbiotic regulators aimed at an increase of nitrogenase activity and at a complete allocation of its products into the plant metabolism provides the generation of rhizobia strains with high SE and NC. Inactivation of the negative symbiotic regulators often results in a decreased survival of rhizobia under the edaphic stresses but is responsible for a balanced increase of plant biomass and N accumulation. Improvement of symbiotic activity is to be based on the complementary interactions of microorganisms with the genetically engineered plant cultivars which are able for selection from soil of actively fi xing N2 rhizobia strains and for their preferential multiplication in nodules. Construction of highly effective microbe-plant systems should be based on modifications of mechanisms controlling symbiosis development from the plant and bacterial sides providing the maintenance of N2-fixing zone in nodules and synthesis of NCR proteins activating the bacteroid differentiation.
Highlights
CC Проявление количественных признаков, характеризующих симбиоз клубеньковых бактерий с бобовыми растениями, связано с действием эволюционно сложившихся полигенных систем, которые контролируют симбиотическую эффективность (СЭ) и нодуляционную конкурентоспособность (НКС)
CC Expression of quantitative traits characterizing the N2-fixing symbiosis of nodule bacteria and leguminous plants is associated with operation of the evolutionary derived polygenic systems controlling the symbiotic efficiency (SE) and nodulation competitiveness (NC)
Optimization of balance between positive and negative symbiotic regulators aimed at an increase of nitrogenase activity and at a complete allocation of its products into the plant metabolism provides the generation of rhizobia strains with high SE and NC
Summary
CC Проявление количественных признаков, характеризующих симбиоз клубеньковых бактерий (ризобий) с бобовыми растениями, связано с действием эволюционно сложившихся полигенных систем, которые контролируют симбиотическую эффективность (СЭ) (влияние инокуляции на продуктивность растений) и нодуляционную конкурентоспособность (НКС) (формирование бактериями клубеньков в условиях смешанной инокуляции). Оптимизация баланса позитивных и негативных регуляторов эффективного симбиоза, направленная на повышение активности нитрогеназы и максимально полное вовлечение продуктов ее действия в метаболизм растений, позволяет создавать штаммы ризобий с высоким уровнем проявления СЭ и НКС.
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