Abstract
The purpose of this work is a comparison of indirect carbon dioxide emissions between the different heat pump types that operate in Polish climate conditions. This analysis embraces an air–water heat pump (ASHP), ground–water heat pump (GSHP), water–water heat pump (WSHP), and a WSHP with a separating heat exchanger (SHE) in the selected towns, one in each climatic zone in the country. The study starts from a computation of heat demand and electrical energy consumption in every hour of the heating season using temperature values taken from a typical meteorological year (TMY). Then, seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) values are determined, which enables an assessment of which kind of heat pump meets the European Union requirements in every location. Eventually, indirect CO2 emissions that are caused by electrical energy production are estimated for every heat pump in each location.
Highlights
Disturbing temperature rise gives a base for threatening forecasts, which forces countries and international institutions to reduce temperature increase
Due to their growing popularity and diversity in thermal reservoirs or operating parameters, the European Commission introduced regulations that specify the minimum value of the seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) [3]
There are analyzed heat pumps in respect of 4 types of thermal reservoirs that are freely available on the market: an air to water heat pump (ASHP), ground to water heat pump (GSHP), water to water heat pump (WSHP) and a water to water pump
Summary
Disturbing temperature rise gives a base for threatening forecasts, which forces countries and international institutions to reduce temperature increase. One of the remedial measures taken by the European Union (EU) is aspiration to energy production in climate neutrality way [1] For this reason, the EU promotes the replacement of high-emission heat generators in the central heating systems by heat pumps. Heat pumps does not directly emit any pollutions to the atmosphere, but indirect emissions are done during generation of power necessary for their operation [2]. Due to their growing popularity and diversity in thermal reservoirs or operating parameters, the European Commission introduced regulations that specify the minimum value of the seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) [3]. The purpose of this work is a comparison between indirect carbon dioxide emissions values for different types of heat pumps in Polish climate conditions
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