Abstract
It is essential to develop and discover alternative eco-friendly antibacterial agents due to the emergence of multi-drug-resistant microorganisms. In this study, we isolated and characterized a novel bacterium named Terrabacter humi MAHUQ-38T, utilized for the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the synthesized AgNPs were used to control multi-drug-resistant microorganisms. The novel strain was Gram stain positive, strictly aerobic, milky white colored, rod shaped and non-motile. The optimal growth temperature, pH and NaCl concentration were 30 °C, 6.5 and 0%, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain MAHUQ-38T belongs to the genus Terrabacter and is most closely related to several Terrabacter type strains (98.2%–98.8%). Terrabacter humi MAHUQ-38T had a genome of 5,156,829 bp long (19 contigs) with 4555 protein-coding genes, 48 tRNA and 5 rRNA genes. The culture supernatant of strain MAHUQ-38T was used for the eco-friendly and facile synthesis of AgNPs. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showed the spherical shape of AgNPs with a size of 6 to 24 nm, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the functional groups responsible for the synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited strong anti-bacterial activity against multi-drug-resistant pathogens, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations against E. coli and P. aeruginosa were 6.25/50 and 12.5/50 μg/mL, respectively. The AgNPs altered the cell morphology and damaged the cell membrane of pathogens. This study encourages the use of Terrabacter humi for the ecofriendly synthesis of AgNPs to control multi-drug-resistant microorganisms.
Highlights
The genus Terrabacter was first proposed by Collins et al [1] through the transfer of Pimelobacter tumescens to Terrabacter tumescens
The results show that eco-friendly synthesized AgNPs have strong antibacterial efficacy against tested pathogens such as E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Figure 7)
The results suggest that Terrabacter humi MAHUQ-38T mediated AgNPs could be useful as an antimicrobial agent to control drug-resistant pathogens
Summary
The genus Terrabacter was first proposed by Collins et al [1] through the transfer of Pimelobacter tumescens to Terrabacter tumescens. Species of the genus are characterized as rod or coccus shape, Gram-positive, catalase-positive, obligately aerobic bacteria and have C14:0 iso and C15:0 iso as the major fatty acids and MK- 8(H4) as the predominant respiratory quinone. The members of this genus have DNA G + C content from 70 to 73 mol% [2,3]. The members of this genus have been isolated from different sources including soil, air, stone, flowerbeds, etc. We isolated a novel species of the genus Terrabacter, Terrabacter humi sp. nov., designated as MAHUQ-38T, isolated from the soil sample of a grape garden
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