Abstract
The ecological environment directly affects human life. One of the ecological environmental issues that China is presently facing is deterioration of the ecological environment due to mining. The pollution produced by mining causes the destruction of land, water bodies, the atmosphere, and vegetation resources and new geological problems that seriously impact human civilization and life. The main purpose of this study is to present an environmental assessment model of mine pollution to evaluate the eco-environment of mining. This study added mineral species and mining types into the factor layers and built an improved evaluation system to accurately evaluate the impact of mines on the eco-environment. In the non-mining area, the grades of the eco-environment were divided according to the Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation standard document. In the mining area, the grades of the assessment for the eco-environment were classified by a field survey. After comparing the accuracy of various methods, the support vector machine (SVM) model, with an accuracy of 94.8%, was chosen for the mining area, and the classification and regression tree (CART) model, with an accuracy of 89.36%, was chosen for the non-mining area. Finally, environmental assessment maps for the entire study area were generated. The results indicate that the mine environmental assessment system established by this study avoids the subjective limitations of traditional assessment methods, provides an effective method for assessing ecological quality, and will help relevant departments to plan for mine resources.
Highlights
The ecological environment directly affects human life
The ecological environment refers to the sum of various natural forces or actions that are closely related to human life and production activities
The more serious geological environmental problems that have occurred in mines are mainly distributed in Gongyi city, Henan Province, China, as follows: (1) open-pit mines, which have a large number of extraction wells, cause extremely serious land destruction; (2) large amounts of stripped waste are randomly discharged, and mudslides are triggered in the rainy season; and (3) cracks in the mountains are liable to induce collapses and landslides, in addition to other serious geo-environmental problems and hidden h azards[5]
Summary
The ecological environment directly affects human life. One of the ecological environmental issues that China is presently facing is deterioration of the ecological environment due to mining. Researchers have used the multi-sensor, multi-spectral, and multitemporal advantages of remote sensing (RS) technology, combined with other relevant data, to conduct dynamic surveys of the development status of mineral resources and the mining eco-environment[3]. RS technology has the characteristics of fast information acquisition, short period and large coverage, and the acquisition of information is less restricted by conditions It can quickly and extensively monitor the ecological environment of a mining area, which has advantages over traditional methods. Studies in Morocco by Khalil et al.[11] have shown that integrating multi-disciplinary data and using GIS techniques is more efficient than traditional methods in assessing the impact of abandoned mines on the environment and predicting the process of pollution. Digital elevation model (DEM) data are often included in the ASTER GDEM V2 dataset, and land type information can be obtained from most RS images
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