Abstract
Using the echolocation, bats can capture insects in real 3‐D space. The echoes from the insect were changed with the wing beats and its orientation. In the case of emitting the constant‐frequency (CF) sound, the wing beats could be estimated from the amplitude modulation and frequency modulation (FM) dependent on the Doppler‐shift. In this study, the echoes were measured from several kinds of insects when both the CF and FM sounds were intermittently emitted from the ultrasonic loudspeaker. At the same time, the movements of the wing were measured by the high speed camera. The impulse responses and time‐frequency pattern were computed by using the cross‐correlation function and the convolution of the chirplet filters, respectively. It was examined that these patterns were related to its orientation and the wing beats, that is, the change of wing positions along the time axis. [Work supported by the Research and Development Program for New Bio‐industry Initiatives.]
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