Early stages of the formation of axial musculature of the juvenile Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt, 1833)

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to study the peculiarities of the development of the Russian sturgeon in a specialized fish farm to assess the compliance of the technological conditions of cultivation with the biological needs and physiological characteristics of this type of sturgeon, as well as to ensure the further receipt of highquality fish products. The article considers histogenesis and morphological features of axial musculature of juvenile Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) at the early stages of its formation, aspects of histological structure of musculature in the process of its differentiation into deep (musculus lateralis profundus) and superficial (musculus lateralis superficialis) lateral muscles. The formation and variability in diameter of muscle fibers of various types (oxidative and glycolytic) are discussed. It was found that the main part of the axial musculature is represented by a deep lateral muscle (musculus lateralis profundus). This muscle is formed by typical white (glycolytic) fibers. A smaller part of the axial musculature is represented by red (oxidative) type fibers. The results of the studies indicate the heterogeneity of the studied structures and the uneven period of fiber growth in different parts of the body, a large variability in the diameter of glycolytic fibers in the fingerlings of the Russian sturgeon. Together with the data on the beginning of differentiation of deep and lateral fibers at the age of one month, this allows us to estimate the approximate time of laying the main muscles and pay special attention to nutrition and conditions of fish keeping. The absence of pathologies in the structure and development of muscle fibers suggests that the cultivation of sturgeon fish in a cooling pond on running water is more favorable for the health of fish, unlike farms with closed water supply.