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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Mexico faces an epidemic of overweight and obesity, in 2018 75% of adults were overweight or obese. This condition as a risk factor generates a significant financial impact in the Health Sector. In response, the National Strategy for Prevention and Control of Overweight, Obesity, and Diabetes was implemented in 2013, which included as one of its pillars the implementation of fiscal policies. As part of fiscal policy, taxes were established on sugary drinks and foods with high-calorie content. Seven years after the implementation of the Strategy to control the epidemic of overweight and obesity, there have been some results. However, it is necessary to continue working and especially monitoring the performance of the different actions implemented.OBJECTIVES: Propose an analytical intelligence model for monitoring the fiscal policies implemented to control overweight and obesity in Mexico.METHODS: The proposed analytical intelligence model considers three methodological bases, a) price index of healthy and unhealthy foods through Principal Component Analysis, b) volatility measurement of both baskets through a GARCH model and c) monitoring of consumption patterns through household income and expenditure surveys.RESULTS: The main results identified a price differential between the baskets of products healthy and unhealthy, especially at the beginning of the fiscal policy. Healthy products have higher price volatility than unhealthy products and according to consumption patterns, on average Mexican households spend 30% of their food expenditure on unhealthy products.CONCLUSION: To strengthen fiscal actions to control overweight and obesity, it is recommended to have monitoring systems for the dynamic design and implementation of public policies. Although taxes have reduced in some grade the consumption of unhealthy products, it is necessary to promote the affordability of healthy products, helping to improve the diet of Mexican households.
Highlights
Mexico faces an epidemic of overweight and obesity, in 2018 75% of adults were overweight or obese
The results show that there is a differentiated dynamic in the prices of healthy and unhealthy baskets, where the products considered as healthy present greater volatility in their prices
The results show that in 2014 the direct cost of medical care was estimated at MXN151.94 million, equivalent to 34% of spending on medical care and 0.9% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of that year
Summary
Mexico faces an epidemic of overweight and obesity, in 2018 75% of adults were overweight or obese. OBJECTIVES: Propose an analytical intelligence model for monitoring the fiscal policies implemented to control overweight and obesity in Mexico. Mexico ranks second in obesity in the world, the latest measurement in 2018 shows that the percentage of adults 20 years and over with overweight and obesity is 75.2% (39.1% with overweight and 36.1% with obesity). In response to this obesity epidemic in Mexico, various. One of the main strategies was the implementation of special taxes on high-calorie foods and sugary drinks. In this regard, various studies have been carried out on the effectiveness of these measures. In the population school (5-11 years) the prevalence of overweight is 19.8% and that of obesity is 14.6% [3]
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