Abstract
Studies of the heart of cattle are important in veterinary practice due to insufficient attention to heart diseases in this type of animal of the Jersey cow breed. The heart is important for the animal organism, which provides a balance between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. During the experiment, the animals were divided into four groups according to the stress index and the initial vegetative tone. The stress index (TI) is an indicator that most fully informs about the degree of stress of the compensatory internal mechanisms of the body, as well as the level of functioning of the central circuit of heart rhythm regulation. An analysis of the cardiovascular system of animals was carried out according to R.M. Baevsky, sinus heart rate was recorded with subsequent analysis of the structure. The studies were carried out using the modern complex electrocardiographic laboratory "CONAN 4.5" developed at the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov at the Department of Higher Nervous Activity. A comparative analysis of the numerical characteristics of electrophysiological indicators was carried out. Based on these data, the breed characteristics of the Jersey cows were established. Analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is a widely used method in medical practice to assess autonomic regulation and the state of the heart. Mathematical analysis of the electrocardiogram allows you to determine the indices and identify the state of the autonomic nervous system. An important role is played by the issue of meeting the needs of the population in dairy products. For this reason, the livestock industry is developing rapidly. However, when improving dairy cattle breeding, it is necessary to take into account the physiological capabilities and characteristics of animals at all stages of their ontogenesis. The study of the cardiovascular system is of great importance in veterinary medical and preventive work.
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