Abstract
Chemically active particles may swim by self-diffusiophoresis in a concentration gradient of chemical solutes they created themselves by patterned surface catalytic reactions. Those particles can also interact via normal diffusiophoresis in the same solute concentration field. The interaction can be attractive or repulsive. This 'field-driven' nature of the system makes its dynamics different from a thermodynamic system and is analyzed with a new simulation method. Simulations show that attractive active particles exhibit coexistence of dense and dilute regions, but it is different from a liquid-gas phase equilibrium. To explain the behavior, a continuum mechanics theory is developed based on the minimal Active Brownian Particles (ABP) model. In the continuum description, the surface force is found to be the swim stress, which can be anisotropic. The body force includes the average swim force as an internal contribution and an 'activity-gradient' force contribution. Further, behaviors of active matter at the sub-continuum scale are also analyzed. The continuum mechanics theory is shown to accurately describe the behaviors of chemically active particles. Particle clustering is explained with a linear stability analysis, and the steady state is explained with a sedimentation-like mechanical force balance.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call