Dynamics of Ag-TiO[formula omitted]water hybrid nanofluid flow over a Riga plate

Abstract

This research aims to increase the heat transfer capacity of a fluid flow over a Riga plate using ( ▪ ) hybrid nanoparticles. It will also explain how the hybrid nanofluid behaves in the presence of suction/injection and thermal slip parameters. Furthermore, fluid dynamics and heat transfer across a Riga plate will be compared to a normal plate. The modeled problem is integrated numerically using the Crank–Nicolson method and the simulations are done in MATLAB. The numerical findings reveal that the drag forces can be controlled using a Riga plate over a normal plate. It was also shown that the tiny nanoparticle can control energy consumption and boost thermal performance. When considering the Riga plate, heat transmission of all fluids rises by approximately 5%. The heat transfer rate of ▪ is 4.2% and 0.2% greater than H2O and ▪ , respectively.