Abstract
BackgroundUntil recently, rasterstereographic analysis of the spine was limited to static measurements. However, understanding and evaluating the motion of the spine under dynamic conditions is an important factor in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal pathologies. The aim of this study was to study the spinal posture and pelvic position under dynamic conditions and compare it to static measurements using a dynamic rasterstereographic system.MethodsA total of 121 healthy volunteers (56 females; 65 males) were included in this observational study. The parameters trunk inclination, trunk imbalance, pelvic obliquity, kyphotic angle, lordotic angle, surface rotation, and lateral deviation were studied and compared under static and dynamic (1, 2, 4, 5 km/h) conditions using the system “Formetric 4D Motion®“ (DIERS International GmbH, Germany).ResultsFemale volunteers had a higher lordotic angle than males under static conditions (p < 0.001). Trunk inclination (5.31° vs. 6.74°), vertebral kyphotic angle (42.53° vs. 39, 59°), and surface rotation (3.35° vs. 3.81°) increase under dynamic conditions (p < 0.001). Trunk inclination and lordotic angle both show significant changes during walking compared to static conditions (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe spinal posture differs between females and males during standing and during walking. Rasterstereography is a valuable tool for the dynamic evaluation of spinal posture and pelvic position, which can also be used to quantify motion in the spine and therefore it has the potential to improve the understanding and treatment of spinal pathologies.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered
Highlights
Adolescent spinal scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, which is usually first diagnosed between the ages of 10–16 years
Betsch et al were able to demonstrate that the marker detection of this rasterstereographic device is within 1 mm under static and dynamic conditions, when compared to the gold standard in motion analysis, a VICON system [8]
Betsch et al were able to demonstrate that the dynamic rastersterographic system is able to detect these markers with an accuracy of ± 1 mm under static and dynamic conditions using an array of 8 LEDs [8]
Summary
Adolescent spinal scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine, which is usually first diagnosed between the ages of 10–16 years. According to Nash et al patients with scoliosis undergo up to 22 whole spine X-rays during a 3year treatment period [1]. Betsch et al were able to demonstrate that the marker detection of this rasterstereographic device is within 1 mm under static and dynamic conditions, when compared to the gold standard in motion analysis, a VICON system [8]. The aim of this study was to study the spinal posture and pelvic position under dynamic conditions and compare it to static measurements using a dynamic rasterstereographic system
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