Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the problem of dynamic power allocation for a multiuser transmitter supplied by hybrid energy sources in details. Specifically, we focus on the hybrid energy sources which include both the traditional power grid and various renewable sources whereby there are a few issues in considerations: (1) The energy harvested jointly from various renewable sources is time-varying and possibly unpredictable and is stored in a limited capacity buffer with battery leakage. (2) At the meantime, the data arrives randomly to the transmitter and queues according to the individual receivers to wait to be transmitted. (3) In addition, the wireless channels fluctuate randomly due to fading. Taking into account the time variant and dynamic features of this system, we develop a dynamic power allocation algorithm for the transmitter with the aim of minimizing the average amount of energy consumption from the power grid over an infinite horizon, subject to all data in queues cannot exceed a given deadline of receivers. The research question is formulated as a stochastic optimization problem, then we utilize Lyapunov optimization to exploit an online algorithm with low complexity, and it does not require prior statistical knowledge of the stochastic processes. Performance analysis of the proposed algorithm is carried out in theory, which shows that the proposed algorithm performs arbitrarily close to the optimal objective value; meanwhile, the algorithm ensures that the maximum delay of all data queues cannot exceed a given value. Finally, performance comparison shows that our proposed algorithm provides not only better performance but also less time delay than other two algorithms.
Highlights
As the vast energy consumption of the devices in wireless communication systems has recently raised considerable environmental concerns, eco-friendly green communication, aiming at maximizing energy efficiency, have drawn considerable research interests [1,2,3]
We develop a dynamic power allocation algorithm for the multiuser transmitter with hybrid energy sources, which are independent of the prior knowledge of any stochastic events, with the goal of minimizing the time average energy drawn from the power grid over an infinite horizon under certain delay requirement
6 Conclusions In this paper, we develop a dynamic power allocation algorithm for a multiuser transmitter powered by hybrid energy sources
Summary
As the vast energy consumption of the devices in wireless communication systems has recently raised considerable environmental concerns, eco-friendly green communication, aiming at maximizing energy efficiency (bit-per-Joule), have drawn considerable research interests [1,2,3]. We develop a dynamic power allocation algorithm for the multiuser transmitter with hybrid energy sources, which are independent of the prior knowledge of any stochastic events, with the goal of minimizing the time average energy drawn from the power grid over an infinite horizon under certain delay requirement. Note that our problem formulation is different from that in [30,31,32,33,34,35]; we apply the approach to the multiuser transmitter with hybrid energy sources in fading channels, which have multiple data queues to individual receivers. Our major contributions for this research are threefold: (1) No need to know the statistical information of the EH process, data arrivals, and channel states; we develop a dynamic power allocation algorithm for a multiuser transmitter with the aim of minimizing the energy consumption from the power grid, taking into account the battery imperfection. The proof of Lemma 1 follows the approach of Lyapunov optimization in [30]
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