Dynamic polarizabilities and related properties of clock states of the ytterbium atom

Abstract

We carry out relativistic many-body calculations of the static and dynamic dipole polarizabilities of the ground 6s2 1S0 and the first excited 6s6p 3Po0 states of Yb. With these polarizabilities, we compute several properties of Yb relevant to optical lattice clocks operating on the 6s2 1S0–6s6p 3Po0 transition. We determine (i) the first four magic wavelengths of the laser field for which the frequency of the clock transition is insensitive to the laser intensity. While the first magic wavelength is known, we predict the second, the third and the fourth magic wavelengths to be 551 nm, 465 nm and 413 nm. (ii) We re-evaluate the effect of black-body radiation on the frequency of the clock transition, the resulting clock shift at T = 300 K being −1.41(17) Hz. (iii) We compute long-range interatomic van der Waals coefficients (in a.u.) C6(6s2 1S0 + 6s2 1S0) = 1909(160), C6(6s2 1S0 + 6s6p 3P0) = 2709(338) and C6(6s6p 3P0 + 6s6p 3P0) = 3886(360). Finally, we determine the atom-wall interaction coefficients (in a.u.), C3(6s2 1S0) = 3.34 and C3(6s6p 3P0) = 3.68. We also address and resolve a disagreement between previous calculations of the static polarizability of the ground state.