Dynamic Modeling and Control of a Simulated Carbon Capture Process for Sustainable Power-to-X

Mahmoud Mostafa,Meik B Franke,Christopher Varela,Edwin Zondervan

doi:10.3390/app11209574

Mahmoud Mostafa, Meik B Franke + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209574

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Journal: Applied sciences	Publication Date: Oct 14, 2021
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Bremen, University of Twente

Abstract

The goal of this study is to develop a dynamic model for a Carbon Capture (CC) process that can be integrated with a water electrolysis facility. The possibility of operating the post-combustion CC plant dynamically is investigated. The final model successfully tracks the parallel hydrogen production, providing the stoichiometric required CO2 stream for the subsequent methanol reactor. A dynamic model is used to configure controllers and to test the unit performance and stream conditions for various set points. Through the transient operation, the required feed gas is provided while optimizing the solvent and energy requirements. It is found that the slowest acting stage is the reboiler with a time constant of 3.8 h. Other process variables stabilize much quicker, requiring only a few minutes to reach steady-state conditions. The hydrogen-tracking scenario shows that the carbon capture plant can successfully operate under varying conditions with a maximum CO2 output increase of 7% of the minimum flowrate in the representative 24 h simulation time. The output CO2 stream is maintained at the desired >98% purity, 25 °C temperature, and 1.85 bar pressure, which allows to successfully perform hydrogen tracking operations.

Highlights

Over the past two decades, global demand for air transport has more than doubled, contributing to around 2.8% of the global CO2 emissions in 2019 from fossil fuel combustion.With 4.3 billion total air passengers in 2018, according to the International Civil AviationOrganization (ICAO), corresponding to 6.4% rise than the previous year [1]
The main aim is to ensure that the proposed control scheme and tuned parameters can be used to run the carbon capture process in a transient mode
The focus was on postcombustion CO2 capturing from flue gas vented from a standard power plant

Summary

Introduction

Over the past two decades, global demand for air transport has more than doubled, contributing to around 2.8% of the global CO2 emissions in 2019 from fossil fuel combustion.With 4.3 billion total air passengers in 2018, according to the International Civil AviationOrganization (ICAO), corresponding to 6.4% rise than the previous year [1]. Over the past two decades, global demand for air transport has more than doubled, contributing to around 2.8% of the global CO2 emissions in 2019 from fossil fuel combustion. With 4.3 billion total air passengers in 2018, according to the International Civil Aviation. The ambitious climate targets set by the national governments such as the German. Federal Government aim to reduce the emissions by 40% by the end of 2050, to limit global warming to no more than 1.5 ◦ C higher than the pre-industrial levels. No clear answer is present as to what the future of the aviation industry will look like after the coronavirus pandemic. Despite short-term demand shock in the aviation sector, the global target remains to reach net-zero carbon emissions for all industries and transportation sectors [2]

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