Abstract
1. Deformation of bulk materials with a granular or porous structure under dynamic loads depends on the loading rate in the pressure impulse. This dependence is characterized by exponential damping as the loading rate increases. 2. For any material, there is a limiting loading rate, beyond which its effect on the deformation process is negligible. 3. The loading rate exerts a considerable effect on the deformation in the range of loads not exceeding the pressure corresponding to complete closure of free pores. Beyond this pressure, the σ=σ(e) diagram is virtually independent of the time factors. 4. The yield point (ultimate strength) of bulk materials with weak skeleton bonds under dynamic loads is almost twice as large as the static value of σs. 5. The second viscosity determines to a considerable extent the dynamic characteristics of the investigated disperse materials at a certain stress level (up to total closure of pores).
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