Abstract
Twisting is an effective method to reduce defects during fabric weaving and improve the impact resistance of the armor material. This study examined the dynamic behavior of twisted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) yarns. Material characterization was conducted using three-dimensional X-ray tomography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dynamic mechanical experiments were carried out on the twisted yarns using a Kolsky bar, with the yarn's failure process captured in real time through high-speed imaging. Additionally, the digital imaging correlation (DIC) technique was used to calibrate the strain measured by the Kolsky bar. Post-fracture analysis was performed using SEM. The effects of twisting extent, strain rate, and gauge length on the dynamic behavior of twisted yarns were studied. It was observed that all twisted yarns underwent elongation, shrinkage, fiber breakage, untwisting, and yarn rupture. Furthermore, as the twisting degree and strain rate increased, and the gauge length decreased, the fracture area became more concentrated. The tensile strength peaked at a twisting degree of 250 t/m and decreased thereafter. Moreover, twisting was found to alter the sensitivity of the yarns' stress–strain curves and tensile properties to the strain rate and gauge length.
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