Dynamic behavior of an earth slope, including a tunnel structure

Abstract

Modern rapid urbanization and the density of structures present a unique challenge for construction on slopes. An effective means of overcoming this issue is to build tunnels and underground routes. Numerous studies have investigated slope stability during mountainous tunnel excavation. Fewer studies, meanwhile, have focused on the slope and the tunnel's long-term interactions. Recent studies have shown that earthquake waves are amplified by inclined surfaces and impact the surface. Subsurface structures, on the other hand, alter the surface earthquake wave patterns and result in amplification or de-amplification. This study aims to investigate the dynamic behavior of an earth slope that includes a tunnel and the effect of the slope on the tunnel's dynamic behavior. To accomplish this, several earth slopes with various slope-tunnel modes were simulated, and scaled earthquake records were utilized. The results indicated that a tunnel in a slope affects the surface points and amplifies the propagated earthquake waves. Moreover, the tunnel exhibited a more severe dynamic behavior than the horizontal-surface state.