Abstract
Biochar is a new type of adsorption material with excellent performance, but it has some problems, such as light texture, poor sedimentation, and difficult recovery, which limits its practical application. In this study, biochar microspheres (MBCQ) were prepared by the sol–gel method using powdery biochar from Hydrocotyle vulgaris as raw material and sodium alginate as a granular carrier. Experiments were performed to investigate the dynamic adsorption characteristics of phosphorus by MBCQ in the adsorption column and the influences of particle size, initial phosphorus concentration, flow rate, and column height on the breakthrough curve. The results showed that the static adsorption properties of different particles varied and that 3-millimeter particles were optimal. The breakthrough time positively correlated with column height and negatively correlated with initial phosphorus concentration, flow rate, and particle size. Flow velocity significantly impacted breakthrough time and length of mass transfer. The bed depth/service time model accurately predicted the relationship between breakthrough times and column heights. When ct/c0 = 0.6, the average relative deviation between predicted and measured values was the lowest. The Thomas model described the MBCQ adsorption process of Ph (R2 > 0.95), which indicated that diffusion in MBCQ adsorption was not a rate-limiting step.
Highlights
Phosphorus (Ph) is an indispensable element of living things and plays an important role in plant growth and development and human metabolism [1]
The static adsorption data show that MBCQ is effective in Ph removal
Langmuirperformance models can both describe adsorption process which ind varied among particleits sizes, with MBCQ3 having better, a relatively removal power of 96.1%is and of 14.752 mg/g
Summary
Phosphorus (Ph) is an indispensable element of living things and plays an important role in plant growth and development and human metabolism [1]. With the wide use of Ph in agriculture, industry, and daily life, excess Ph is discharged into water bodies, thereby causing water eutrophication and seriously damaging the water ecosystem [2]. The development of cost-effective Ph control technology is crucial for blocking water eutrophication. Commonly used Ph removal methods mainly include membrane filtration, ion exchange, chemical precipitation, adsorption, biological treatment and crystallization [3,4,5]. Adsorption has attracted much attention for its advantages, including high efficiency, low energy consumption, low cost, simple operation, wide application, and recyclable adsorption materials [6]. Biochar is a new type of adsorption material that achieves excellent performance [7]
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