Abstract
In this study, both zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanosheets were deposited by hydrothermal growth on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass. After a photoanode was added to ZnO nanorods or AZO nanosheets, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) increased due to improved electron transport and enhanced dye absorption. The improvement in electron transport was verified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the increase in dye absorption was verified by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Both of these factors facilitated an increase in PCE. Parameters for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using ZnO nanorods/TiO2 and AZO nanosheets/TiO2 photoanodes were tested and the results were recorded using EIS. The results indicated that the addition of the ZnO nanorods increased the short-circuit current density (Jsc) from 9.07 mA/cm2 to 10.91 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.68 V to 0.70 V, and the PCE from 3.70% to 4.73%, respectively. When the DSSCs were produced in a parallel silver-grid device, the results showed that PCE could be increased from 3.67% to 4.04% due to the reduction in connection resistance.
Highlights
IntroductionSome researchers have predicted that certain remaining fossil fuel reserves will only last forty years, whilst others, like natural gas, will last around 60 years, and coal will last approximately 100 years [1]
Increased energy demands have accelerated fossil fuel depletion
Compared with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods, we found that aluminum doping using the hydrothermal method reduced the efficiency
Summary
Some researchers have predicted that certain remaining fossil fuel reserves will only last forty years, whilst others, like natural gas, will last around 60 years, and coal will last approximately 100 years [1]. For this reason, renewable fuels are growing in importance to both industry and researchers; for instance, wind power, hydropower, biomass energy, photovoltaics, and geothermal heat, are all undergoing intensive theoretical and practical development. Silicon-based solar cells are confined to the terrestrial photovoltaic market, due to their high production cost. Compared to high-cost traditional silicon-based solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells are a cost-effective photovoltaic device, with some notable advantages. Due to the dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSCs) ability to work
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