Abstract
Background: Coping with stressful health issues – e.g., organ transplantation – can affect interpersonal relationships.Objective: The study examines individual and dyadic coping (DC) in kidney transplant recipients and their partners under consideration of sex and role differences. The Dyadic Coping Inventory allows analyzing partners’ perception of their own DC and also of their partner’s behavior and investigating different perspectives with three discrepancy indexes (similarity, perceived similarity, congruence).Methods: Fifty-six kidney transplant recipients and their partners completed self-report questionnaires (N = 112) on DC, depression, anxiety, and relationship satisfaction. The average age of the patients was 58.1 years and of the partners 57.2 years; 64.3% of the patients were male; time since transplantation was on average 9.7 years.Results: (1) Individual and dyadic functioning: In couples with male patients female caregivers showed higher own supportive DC than the males. In couples with female patients, women reported higher own stress communication, supportive DC, total positive DC and total DC as well as depression compared to men. (2) Regarding the discrepancy indexes, in couples with male patients lower levels of similarity in DC reactions of the couple was associated with higher depression of the males as well as higher anxiety of the females. Moreover, lower comparability of the own DC with partner-perception was correlated with higher depression in males. In couples with female patients, higher comparability was associated with higher DC. Higher DC of the males was associated with lower own anxiety and better similarity in DC reactions. Lower levels of similarity of the male spouse showed correlations with higher depression and anxiety of the females. (3) Sex and role differences occurred. No significant differences between male patients and male partners occurred whereas female patients showed higher own stress communication, supportive DC, common DC, total positive DC, total DC and relationship satisfaction compared to female caregivers (role differences). The same differences were found comparing female with male patients. No differences occurred between male and female caregivers (sex differences). (4) Regarding male’s relationship quality, male’s DC total score and similarity index seem to be important predictors in couples with male patients.Discussion: The results demonstrate the relevance of DC in couples with kidney transplantation and show differences between males and females as well as between patients and partners.
Highlights
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for most patients with end-stage renal disease (Reimer et al, 2002; Pinquart and Sörensen, 2007)
Couples With Male Kidney Transplant Recipients In couples with male kidney transplant recipients the only significant difference emerged for own supportive behavior with female partners showing significant higher own supportive behavior than the male patients [M♂ = 11.7, SD = 3.2, M♀ = 12.6, SD = 3.1; t(35) = −1.26, p = 0.02]
No differences regarding the other subscales of the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI) and the discrepancy indexes, relationship quality, depression, and anxiety between male patients and their female partners occurred
Summary
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for most patients with end-stage renal disease (Reimer et al, 2002; Pinquart and Sörensen, 2007). The high rate of non-adherence in kidney transplant recipients can increase the risk of rejection or graft failure (Butler et al, 2004; Denhaerynck et al, 2005; Sellares et al, 2012; Pabst et al, 2015). The patient and the partner can experience distress when providing care to a chronically ill spouse (Coyne and Smith, 1991; Myaskovsky et al, 2005; Dew et al, 2007; Greif-Higer et al, 2008; Schulz and Sherwood, 2008). Especially from the spouse, can be regarded as important for the kidney transplant recipient, the partners themselves are affected by the disease, which can lead to distress and result in a poorer relationship functioning. Coping with stressful health issues – e.g., organ transplantation – can affect interpersonal relationships
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