Abstract
Sarcopenia is linked with increased risk of falls, osteoporosis and mortality. No consensus exists about a gold standard “dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) index for muscle mass determination” in sarcopenia diagnosis. Thus, many indices exist, but data on sarcopenia diagnosis agreement are scarce. Regarding sarcopenia diagnosis reliability, the impact of influencing factors on sarcopenia prevalence, diagnosis agreement and reliability are almost completely missing. For nine DXA-derived muscle mass indices, we aimed to evaluate sarcopenia prevalence, diagnosis agreement and diagnosis reliability, and investigate the effects of underlying parameters, presence or type of adjustment and cut-off values on all three outcomes. The indices were analysed in the BioPersMed cohort (58 ± 9 years), including 1022 asymptomatic subjects at moderate cardiovascular risk. DXA data from 792 baselines and 684 follow-up measurements (for diagnosis agreement and reliability determination) were available. Depending on the index and cut-off values, sarcopenia prevalence varied from 0.6 to 36.3%. Height-adjusted parameters, independent of underlying parameters, showed a relatively high level of diagnosis agreement, whereas unadjusted and adjusted indices showed low diagnosis agreement. The adjustment type defines which individuals are recognised as sarcopenic in terms of BMI and sex. The investigated indices showed comparable diagnosis reliability in follow-up examinations
Highlights
Introduction iationsThe increasing number of persons older than 60 years make sarcopenia an increasing problem for healthcare systems and societies since it increases physical frailty, disability [1]and hospitalisation risk [2], leading to long-term care placement [3] and increased mortality [4,5,6,7]
We aimed to evaluate the reliability of sarcopenia diagnosis with follow-up data
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) muscle mass measurements should always be combined with muscle function tests, physical performance information and interpreted in combination with clinical data since the measurement of muscle mass alone will not sufficiently cover a persons’ risk for sarcopenia
Summary
Introduction iationsThe increasing number of persons older than 60 years make sarcopenia an increasing problem for healthcare systems and societies since it increases physical frailty, disability [1]and hospitalisation risk [2], leading to long-term care placement [3] and increased mortality [4,5,6,7]. The increasing number of persons older than 60 years make sarcopenia an increasing problem for healthcare systems and societies since it increases physical frailty, disability [1]. The definition of sarcopenia is based on two pillars: low muscle mass and low muscle function (strength or performance or both) [11]. 8% per decade, starting at the age of 40 years, increases to 15% after 70 years of age. This occurs together with a decline in muscle strength, declining at a faster rate due to changed.
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