Duration of the effects of scarification and raised bed associated with vegetation cover on soybean yield on an Alfisol

Silvana Spaniol Fin,Alberto Cargnelutti Filho,Marcos Stefanello Murari,Lucas Lopes Coelho,João Alberto Pedroso Farenzena,Enio Marchesan,Paulo Ivonir Gubiani,Bruno Behenck Aramburu

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100005

Silvana Spaniol Fin, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001100005

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Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the duration of the effects of the mechanical interventions scarification and raised bed on soybean (Glycine max) grain yield on an Alfisol, as well as to evaluate, through physical indicators, if the use of cover plants during winter increases the duration of these effects. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with four replicates. Two factors were evaluated. The first consisted of types of soil preparation systems: SC14, scarification in November 2014; SC15, scarification in November 2015; RB14, raised bed built in November 2014; and RB15, raised bed built in November 2015. The second consisted of the type of cover crop used: winter fallow, oat, ryegrass, and wheat. From November 2015 to April 2016, soybean was cultivated under the different soil preparation systems. Soil density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil resistance to mechanical penetration, and soybean grain yield were evaluated. There was no effect of cover plants after one crop season on the maintenance of soil physical attributes. Changes in soil density, total porosity, and resistance to mechanical penetration, promoted by scarification, are noticeable up to at least 18 months. The continuance of these modifications reflects in soybean grain yield in the second harvest.

Highlights

In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Alfisols cover approximately 56% of the floodplain soil areas, representing about 11% of the state
The objective of this work was to determine the duration of the effects of the mechanical interventions scarification and raised bed on soybean grain yield on an Alfisol, as well as to evaluate, through physical indicators, if the use of cover plants during winter increases the duration of these effects
In the 0–10-cm layer, there was a significant effect of raised beds and scarification on soil bulk density (Table 1) and total porosity (Table 2), which decreased for macroporosity (Table 3) and microporosity (Table 4)

Summary

Introduction

In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Alfisols cover approximately 56% of the floodplain soil areas, representing about 11% of the state. Soil preparation through scarification and raised beds, provides an environment that facilitates the drainage and aeration of the root system, resulting in greater soybean yields on Alfisols (Sartori et al, 2015)

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