Abstract
Large parts of the tidal estuary of river Elbe (Germany) are characterized by regular patterns of sand dunes. They are presumed to evolve due to complex sand transport mechanisms and show multi-faceted migration patterns. Direction and magnitude of their migration are influenced by hydrodynamic boundary conditions such as river runoff and tides. Dune Migration can lead to residual sand transport rates, depending on its direction and magnitude and the dune's characteristics. The understanding of dune migration patterns and associated sand transport is the basis of an effective sediment management as well as an important requirement for planning offshore structures. This study focuses on methods for computing migration and sand transport rates in automated ways. In a comparison and validation of different approaches, a cross-correlation technique was found to produce best results. From a unique data set of up to six annual bathymetrical multi-beam soundings between 1995 and 2010, dune characteristics and migration rates were processed and analysed autonomously. The findings show that in a long perspective, average dune migration and sand transport rates in the present study reach are directed upstream.
Highlights
Under special sedimentologic and hydrodynamic conditions (Zanke 1982), complex sediment movements on the river bed can lead to the formation of different sizes of bedforms
The same forcings which influence their formation can cause a migration of bedforms, which results in residual sand transport, to bed transport and transport in suspension
This study focuses on assessing dune migration rates and associated sand transport between the years 1995 and 2008 in a study reach in the Elbe Estuary (Germany)
Summary
Under special sedimentologic and hydrodynamic conditions (Zanke 1982), complex sediment movements on the river bed can lead to the formation of different sizes of bedforms. The same forcings which influence their formation can cause a migration of bedforms, which results in residual sand transport, to bed transport and transport in suspension. This study focuses on assessing dune migration rates and associated sand transport between the years 1995 and 2008 in a study reach in the Elbe Estuary (Germany). For this purpose, a set of methods to process and evaluate large data sets for dune migration and sand transport rates had to be developed and implemented.
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