Dual-wavelength copper vapor laser treatment of congenital melanocytic nevi with complex anatomical localization

Abstract

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Melanocytic nevi can affect the complex anatomical localization of the face and the ear area, a very important part of the face from an aesthetic point of view. Treatment methods should provide not only a good cosmetic result but also not disrupt the function of the eye and vision. Surgical excision and non-selective technologies, including radiofrequency exposure, peels, and ablative lasers, can lead to scarring, eyelash loss, and severe functional complications of the organ of vision due to insufficient skin thickness. AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of melanocytic nevi of complex anatomical localization with copper vapor laser radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Treatment of melanocytic nevi in the periorbital region was carried out in 35 patients (28 women and 7 men), aged 14-65 years. The procedures were performed at an average output power of a copper vapor laser of 0.6–0.8 W, at 511 nm and 578 nm wavelengths, an exposure time of 0.2 s, and a light spot diameter on the skin of 1 mm. The laser treatment was performed without anesthesia. A total of up to four treatments were administered at monthly intervals. The criterion for choosing the energy of laser pulses (selective photohermal laser destruction) was chosen to change the color of the entire surface of the neoplasm to a dark gray color. The duration of skin healing after the procedure was two weeks. Results. The dual-wavelength copper vapor laser treatment of melanocytic nevi with complex anatomical localization completely removes skin neoplasms in all patients without scarring or recurrences within two years after treatment. According to the results of a computer simulation of selective heating of the pigmented layer, the copper vapor laser is an optimal treatment choice for melanocytic nevi. Conclusions. Clinical data and computer simulation results demonstrate that the treatment of melanocytic nevi of complex anatomical localization using copper vapor laser radiation provides good results and is safer than near-infrared lasers. It makes it possible to use this method in the clinical practice of dermatologists and cosmetologists.