Abstract
Development of detection platforms having portable, easy-to-use, and cost-effective designs is essential for environmental monitoring as well as food safety inspection. Herein, we proposed a smartphone-based handheld sensing strategy integrated with nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) test strip by employing three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for visual detection of Hg2+. Using this handheld detection platform, the FL color of test strips varied from red to purple with the increase of Hg2+ concentration. A great linear response between the R/B value and Hg2+ concentration in the range of 0 μM− 125 μM was shown, with a detection limit of 0.024 μM. Further, the constructed platform was applied for quantitative detection of Hg2+ in real water samples. Interestingly, as-prepared NCDs allowed the monitoring of Hg2+ with the dual-signal ratiometric model. Finally, the NCDs were used to detect Hg2+ in biological systems with satisfactory results. This work will contribute to the new strategy to design easy-to-use and user-friendly devices for on-site quantitation of targets.
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