Abstract
The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) creates new voltage issues in distribution networks. This study proposes an algorithm that mitigates these issues, by actively managing the active and reactive power of those DERs. The control problem is formulated as an optimisation problem. The study proposes solving the problem in a fully distributed manner and presents a methodology to convert a centralised constraint optimisation problem into a fully distributed constraint optimisation problem based on dual decomposition, linearised model of the distribution network and peer-to-peer communication protocol. A real low voltage residential semi-urban feeder from the region of Flanders, Belgium has been used as a case study. The simulation results show the ability of the proposed peer-to-peer control algorithm to control the voltage effectively within limits.
Highlights
Up until recently, distribution networks have been planned based on a worst-case scenarios, with the assumption of unidirectional power flows
With the grid under increasing stress as a result of growing reliance on electricity and the introduction of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), the role of the Distribution System Operators (DSOs) in controlling the voltage to be within the allowed limits is increasingly challenging
This paper presents a P2P voltage control algorithm that regulates the voltage within allowed limits
Summary
Distribution networks have been planned based on a worst-case scenarios, with the assumption of unidirectional power flows. When the reactive power of DERs is not enough or active power curtailment of DERs is more optimal, active power curtailment of DERs will be used to regulate the system voltages Where Pd,0 and Qd,0 are the set points of the active and reactive power respectively before applying ∆Pd and ∆Qd. The way to operate the control algorithm presented is by letting a centralized master controller solve the optimisation problem based on the information it receives about the voltages at the monitored nodes and the set points of the DERs participating in the voltage control. We present a methodology that converts the centralized constraint optimisation problem into a distributed constraint optimisation problem to implement a fully distributed P2P voltage control system
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