Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a worldwide global burden and related to poor treatment outcomes. Monitoring the progress of DR-TB treatment can be carried out microscopic with Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) sputum smear and assessed from the beginning or the first time the patient is diagnosed and monthly to determine the sequential conversion of AFB baseline to the next month twice until it becomes negative. The prolonged conversion has been associated with infectiousness and treatment outcomes. This study was aimed to determine the correlation between positivity of AFB sputum and time to conversion in DR-TB patients with short-term treatment (STR) regimen. An analytic retrospective at hospital collected from medical records of DR-TB patients, from September 2017 to July 2018. Spearman technique was used to analyze the data with p < 0.05. From the total of 151 DR-TB patients on STR regimen, 51 patients were enrolled consisting of 30 (58.8%) males and 21 (41.2%) females with ages average were 51 ± 12.9 years old. Overall, 39 (76.5%) patients had time of AFB conversion in the first month, 9 (17.6%) patients in the second months, 2 (3.9%) patients in the third months, and 1 (2%) patient in the fourth months. Among those patients, 26 (51%) patients had completed the treatment outcomes, 22 (43.1%) were loss to follow-up, 1 (2%) patient had the treatment failure, and 2 (3.9%) were died. There was no significant correlation between AFB sputum baseline (Scanty, 1+, 2+, 3+) with the time to sputum conversion (p > 0.05). AFB sputum have significant correlation with time of culture conversion (p < 0.05), and treatment compliance was not associated with time of AFB sputum conversion (p > 0.05). There was no significant relation between positivity of AFB baseline and time to sputum conversion in DR-TB patients on short-term treatment (STR) regimen. AFB sputum have significant correlation with time of culture conversion in DR-TB patients on short-term treatment (STR) regimen.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO)ranked Tuberculosis (TB) 10th in the world and leading cause of death in single infectious agents
Monitoring the progress of Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) treatment can be carried out microscopic with Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) sputum smear and assessed from the beginning or the first time the patient is diagnosed and monthly to determine the sequential conversion of AFB baseline to the month twice until it becomes negative
AFB sputum have significant correlation with time of culture conversion (p < 0.05), and treatment compliance was not associated with time of AFB sputum conversion (p > 0.05)
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO)ranked Tuberculosis (TB) 10th in the world and leading cause of death in single infectious agents. The number of DR-TB cases (RR/MDR) has increased, in 2017 was 29% of the estimated 558.000 case incidents and 49% of the estimated 330.000 cases of DR-TB (RR/MDR) were notified and the treatment success remains low. Previous DR-TB treatment with conventional DR-TB regimen was still considered to require a long time and could affect the low success rate of treatment. It is considered to be a concern and needs to know the correlation between positivity of AFB sputum and time to conversion in DR-TB patients on STR regimen. This study was aim to determined the correlation between positivity of AFB sputum and time to conversion in DR-TB patients with STR regimen
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