DrugCam®—An intelligent video camera system to make safe cytotoxic drug preparations

Abstract

DrugCam® is a new approach to control the chemotherapy preparations with an intelligent video system that enables automatic verification during the critical stages of preparations combined with an a posteriori control with partial or total visualization of the video recording of preparations. The assessment was about the recognizing of anticancer drug vials (qualitative analysis) and syringe volumes (quantitative analysis). The qualitative analysis was conducted for a total of 120 vials with sensitivity of 100% for 84.2% of the vials and at least 97% for all the vials tested. Accuracy was at least 98.5% for all vials. The quantitative analysis was assessed by detecting 10 measures of each graduation for syringes. The identification error rate was 2.1% (244/11,640) i.e. almost 94% to the next graduation. Only 3% (35/1164) of the graduations tested, i.e. 23/35 for volume <0.13ml of 1ml syringes, presented a volume error outside the admissible limit of ±5% of a confidence band constructed for the estimated linear regression line for each syringe. In addition to the vial detection model, barcodes can also read when they are present on vials. DrugCam® offers an innovative approach for controlling chemotherapy preparations and constitutes an optimized application of telepharmacy.