Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Literature Review

Abstract

Drug-Induced liver injury (DILI) is a common harmful drug reaction of some medication which can cause the damage to liver cells, or might be a chance of death. In the western countries DILI is the main cause for acute liver failure. These reactions are very common because almost all drug regimens can cause injury to liver. Most of DILI cases are harmless and they get better after stopping the offending drug. These reactions are mainly due to some pharmacological remedies, traditional medications, herbal and nutritional supplements. Due to these harmful reactions, elevation is noticed in the liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate, total bilirubin) 2N from its normal value. Drug-induced liver injury includes 1,000 of pharmacological remedies or more. Here, we review the maximum current literature, so the treatment includes timely diagnosis and removal of the doubtable medication is the key. This paper explains the different causes, pharmacological medications responsible for drug-induced liver injury, effect of covid-19 on liver injury and future perspective. It is important to be aware of and remove the suspected agent as soon as possible. There are no specific risk factors for DILI, but existing liver disease and genetic factors may be a priority for some people. Treatment of liver damage caused by drugs and herbs includes immediate drug withdrawal and supportive care aimed at alleviating unwanted symptoms. Main purpose of this paper is to deliver the info about the DILI, which are dose related, identification and consideration of disease.
 Keywords: Drug-Induced liver injury (DILI), Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Risk factors and effect of covid-19 on liver injury.