Abstract

Drug discovery and development field has entered into a revolutionary phase with the introduction of Computer Aided Drug Designing (CADD) tools in the designing and development of new drugs. Traditional drug discovery and designing is a tedious, expensive and time-consuming process. Pharmaceutical industries spend billions of dollars to launch a potential drug candidate into the drug market. It takes 15-20 years of research to discover a new drug candidate. The advancements in the Computer Aided Drug Designing techniques have significantly contributed towards lowering the cost and time involved in new drug discovery. Different types of approaches are used to find out the potential drug candidates. Numerous compounds have been successfully discovered and launched into the market using computational tools. Various novel software-based methods like Structure- Based Drug Designing (SBDD), Ligand-Based Drug Designing (LBDD), Pharmacophore Mapping and Fragment-Based Drug Designing (FBDD) are considered as powerful tools for determining the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and structure activity relationship between target protein and its ligand. These tools provide valuable information about experimental findings and the mechanism of action of drug molecules. This has greatly expedited the discovery of promising drug candidates by sidestepping the lengthy steps involved in the synthesis of unnecessary compounds.

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