Abstract
Droplet size spectra and quantity of spray drift were studied for two types of flat-fan nozzles. The large orifice flat-fan nozzles operated at reduced pressure produced less drift potential; however, the spectrum of droplets was coarse. The properties of the whirl jet cone nozzles suggest that these would also produce less drift-prone material. The spray fraction likely to drift was calculated to be approximately 3–8% of the total volume of spray with the flat-fan nozzles. This was confirmed in field experiments using labelled herbicides and a liquid scintillation counting technique. A realistic pattern of the distribution of ground deposition density over a swath (obtained by field experiments), and a factor of three in density fluctuation suggest that the generally accepted concept of uniformity of spray distribution in experimental plots should be modified. Recommendations of spray drift control technique were proposed regarding the hydraulic pressure, nozzle height and orientation, travelling speed/pressure, and the size of orifice.
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