Abstract
Fuelled by energy security problems and urban air pollution challenges, several countries worldwide have set the objective to gradually eliminate petrol and diesel cars. The increasing support from government and demands for environmental friendly means of transportation are accelerating the use of battery electric vehicles. However, it is indispensable to have accurate and complete information about their behaviour in different traffic situations and road conditions. For the experimental analysis carried out in this study, three different electric vehicles from the Edinburgh College leasing program were equipped and tracked to obtain over 50 GPS and energy consumption data for short distance journeys in the Edinburgh area and long-range tests between Edinburgh and Bristol (UK). The results showed that the vehicles’ energy intensities were significantly affected by the driving cycle pattern, with a noticeable diminution due to low temperatures. It was found that the real available range of the electric vehicle in some situations could be 17% lower than the predicted mileage shown in the dashboard of the vehicle. The difference from the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) values was even higher. The study has also provided a discussion on the effect of the electricity mix on carbon emission reduction.
Highlights
Sustainable development is believed to be the solution to excessive dependence on fossil fuels, which is responsible for climate change with hazardous environmental impacts, and the potential dearth of these resources
Even theofmileage range offuel thevehicle, electricitvehicles this study was around km, four take place
The results of this study indicate that the data provided by the manufacturers (NEDC) and the values shown in the vehicle’s dashboard are inaccurate, and far from being accurate
Summary
Sustainable development is believed to be the solution to excessive dependence on fossil fuels, which is responsible for climate change with hazardous environmental impacts, and the potential dearth of these resources. The transportation sector, which can be categorised into subsectors including road, aviation, railway, waterways and international marine transportation, is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. By 2040, the transport sector will consume 64.9% of the world’s oil consumption, expecting an increase of 10.3% from 2017–2040. To improve this situation, actions should focus on a modal shift to more sustainable means of transport, and on the use of more efficient and less polluting transportation through awareness raising and training. Liu and Chen [2]
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